How do I figure out which version of a civil code is in effect?

deflection303

New Member
Jurisdiction
California
Regarding small claims appeals processes, I have come across two versions of California Civil Code of Procedure 116.770,
Which source shows the version that is in effect currently?

One resource states: https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/code-of-civil-procedure/ccp-sect-116-770/

California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 116.770

Current as of January 01, 2023 |
(a) The appeal to the superior court shall consist of a new hearing before a judicial officer other than the judicial officer who heard the action in the small claims division.
(b) The hearing on an appeal to the superior court shall be conducted informally. The pretrial discovery procedures described in Section 2019.010 are not permitted, no party has a right to a trial by jury, and no tentative decision or statement of decision is required.
(c) Article 5 (commencing with Section 116.510) on hearings in the small claims court applies in hearings on appeal in the superior court, except that attorneys may participate.
(d) The scope of the hearing shall include the claims of all parties who were parties to the small claims action at the time the notice of appeal was filed. The hearing shall include the claim of a defendant that was heard in the small claims court.

The other resource states: Codes Display Text.

ARTICLE 7. Motion to Vacate, Appeal, and Related Matters [116.710 - 116.798] ( Heading of Article 7 amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 470, Sec. 2. )
116.710.
(a) The plaintiff in a small claims action shall have no right to appeal the judgment on the plaintiff's claim, but a plaintiff who did not appear at the hearing may file a motion to vacate the judgment in accordance with Section 116.720.
(b) The defendant with respect to the plaintiff's claim, and a plaintiff with respect to a claim of the defendant, may appeal the judgment to the superior court in the county in which the action was heard.

The reason I am asking is that I have filed an appeal in Small Claims. One of these explanations, above, says that all the claims will be considered at the appeal; the other states that the defendant's counter-claim will not be heard. I had originally filed a counter-claim -- I want to know if this will be heard.
 
Regarding small claims appeals processes, I have come across two versions of California Civil Code of Procedure 116.770,
Which source shows the version that is in effect currently?

One resource states: https://codes.findlaw.com/ca/code-of-civil-procedure/ccp-sect-116-770/

California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP § 116.770

Current as of January 01, 2023 |
(a) The appeal to the superior court shall consist of a new hearing before a judicial officer other than the judicial officer who heard the action in the small claims division.
(b) The hearing on an appeal to the superior court shall be conducted informally. The pretrial discovery procedures described in Section 2019.010 are not permitted, no party has a right to a trial by jury, and no tentative decision or statement of decision is required.
(c) Article 5 (commencing with Section 116.510) on hearings in the small claims court applies in hearings on appeal in the superior court, except that attorneys may participate.
(d) The scope of the hearing shall include the claims of all parties who were parties to the small claims action at the time the notice of appeal was filed. The hearing shall include the claim of a defendant that was heard in the small claims court.

The other resource states: Codes Display Text.

ARTICLE 7. Motion to Vacate, Appeal, and Related Matters [116.710 - 116.798] ( Heading of Article 7 amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 470, Sec. 2. )
116.710.
(a) The plaintiff in a small claims action shall have no right to appeal the judgment on the plaintiff's claim, but a plaintiff who did not appear at the hearing may file a motion to vacate the judgment in accordance with Section 116.720.
(b) The defendant with respect to the plaintiff's claim, and a plaintiff with respect to a claim of the defendant, may appeal the judgment to the superior court in the county in which the action was heard.

The reason I am asking is that I have filed an appeal in Small Claims. One of these explanations, above, says that all the claims will be considered at the appeal; the other states that the defendant's counter-claim will not be heard. I had originally filed a counter-claim -- I want to know if this will be heard.
That is a really simple question to answer.

The first version you linked to was last updated on January 01, 2023, and the second version was last updated on January 01, 2013.

So which version do you think is current? Dah! :rolleyes:

Statutes are dated as to when they took effect (usually at the bottom of the citation).
 
Last edited:
You always want to check what the legal service you are using states how current the information is. And the more current the source, the better. The California legislature is still in session for 2024, and all non emergency bills passed this session will become effective January 1, 2025. As of the end of the 2023 regular session, the staute read as follows:

(a) The appeal to the superior court shall consist of a new hearing before a judicial officer other than the judicial officer who heard the action in the small claims division.
(b) The hearing on an appeal to the superior court shall be conducted informally. The pretrial discovery procedures described in Section 2019.010 are not permitted, no party has a right to a trial by jury, and no tentative decision or statement of decision is required.
(c) Article 5 (commencing with Section 116.510) on hearings in the small claims court applies in hearings on appeal in the superior court, except that attorneys may participate.
(d) The scope of the hearing shall include the claims of all parties who were parties to the small claims action at the time the notice of appeal was filed. The hearing shall include the claim of a defendant that was heard in the small claims court.
(e) The clerk of the superior court shall schedule the hearing for the earliest available time and shall mail written notice of the hearing to the parties at least 14 days prior to the time set for the hearing.
(f) The Judicial Council may prescribe by rule the practice and procedure on appeal and the time and manner in which the record on appeal shall be prepared and filed.
CCP § 116.770.
 
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