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WASHINGTON (AP) — Federal agencies must develop plans to eliminate employee positions, according to a memo distributed Wednesday by President Donald Trump 's administration that sets in motion what could become a sweeping realignment of American government.
The memo expands the Republican president's effort to downsize the federal workforce, which he has described as an impediment to his agenda. Thousands of probationary employees have already been fired, and now his administration is turning its attention to career officials with civil service protection.
"We're cutting down the size of government. We have to," Trump said during the first Cabinet meeting of his second term. "We're bloated. We're sloppy. We have a lot of people that aren't doing their job."
The ripple effects will be felt around the country. Roughly four-fifths of federal workers live outside the Washington area, and government services — patent approvals, food inspections, park maintenance and more — could be hindered depending on how cuts are handled.
Resistance is expected. Labor unions, Democratic state leaders and other organizations have tried, with some success, to slow Trump down with litigation, while Republicans are growing more concerned about how a slash-and-burn strategy could affect their constituents.
Agencies are directed to submit by March 13 their plans for what is known as a reduction in force, which would not only lay off employees but eliminate the position altogether. The result could be extensive changes in how government functions.
More plans are due on April 14, when agencies are expected to outline how they will consolidate management, become more efficient and potentially relocate offices to parts of the country that are less expensive than Washington. The memo said agencies should implement their plans by Sept. 30.
Administration officials framed their effort as a cost-saving measure but with a clear ideological goal.
"The federal government is costly, inefficient, and deeply in debt. At the same time, it is not producing results for the American public," said the memo from Russell Vought, director of the White House's Office of Management and Budget, and Charles Ezell, acting director of the Office of Personnel Management, which functions as a human resources agency. "Instead, tax dollars are being siphoned off to fund unproductive and unnecessary programs that benefit radical interest groups while hurting hard-working American citizens."
Vought was an author or Project 2025, a conservative blueprint for Trump's second term, and he has advocated for centralizing power under the presidency and dismantling federal bureaucracy.
"We're not going to save our country without a little confrontation," Vought said last summer during a podcast hosted by Trump ally Stephen Bannon.
Kevin Owen, an employment lawyer who represents federal workers, compared the administration's initiative to the kind of disruptions that are caused by government shutdowns during congressional budget standoffs.
"This looks like a plan for a significant and shocking reduction of the federal workforce that I don't think the American people are prepared for," Owen said. "It's going to cripple a lot of government functions."
He said that Trump and his allies were focusing on speed rather than precision as they overhaul the government.
"Their plan is to do the damage and get sued," he said. If a court ultimately rules against them, "by that point, they would have gotten what they wanted in interim."
Specific targets for reductions were not included in the memo, but Trump said the Environmental Protection Agency could cut its workforce by 65%.
Trump foreshadowed the effort in an executive order that he signed with Elon Musk, the billionaire entrepreneur who oversees the so-called Department of Government Efficiency, known as DOGE.
The order said agency leaders "shall promptly undertake preparations to initiate large-scale reductions in force," or RIF.
Some departments have already begin this process. The General Services Administration, which handles federal real estate, told employees on Monday that a reduction in force was underway and they would "everything in our power to make your departure fair and dignified."
Law enforcement, national security, public safety, military positions and U.S. Postal Service positions are exempt.
The memo was released shortly before Trump convened Cabinet officials as well as Musk, who attended the meeting wearing a black "Make America Great Again" campaign hat.
Musk described himself during the meeting as "humble tech support" for the federal government, and he talked about his cost-cutting crusade in existential terms.
"If we don't do this, America will go bankrupt," he said.
Musk has caused turmoil within the federal workforce, most recently by demanding that employees justify their jobs or risk getting fired. OPM later said that the edict was voluntary, although workers could face similar requests in the future.
He described his request as a "pulse check."
"Are these people real? Are they alive? And can they write an email?" he said.
Before the meeting, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters that "all of the Cabinet secretaries take the advice and direction of DOGE."
"They'll be providing updates on their efforts, and they'll also be providing updates on what they're doing at their agencies in terms of policies and implementing the promises that the president made on the campaign trail," Leavitt said.
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Trump administration sets the stage for large-scale federal worker layoffs in a new memo
Federal agencies must develop plans to eliminate employee positions, according to a memo distributed by President Donald Trump‘s administration.
